https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/ Longer pieces beyond the case files: essays on the history and testing of psychology. en https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/alexander-luria-gehirn-kultur-krieg/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/alexander-luria-gehirn-kultur-krieg/ Sun, 30 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In a hospital in the Urals, Alexander Luria saw some eight hundred men with head wounds. What he learned there about abilities falling apart became neuropsychology — and carried on the questions of a cultural psychology that had begun in Central Asia. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/animus-rift-chained-psychologie-philosophie/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/animus-rift-chained-psychologie-philosophie/ Sun, 30 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT An eagle leads the player through a tear in the Animus; behind it lies a captive in chains made of data. The short quest from Assassin’s Creed Shadows asks a serious question: may a system rewrite painful memories if it eases suffering — and who decides when safety becomes a chain? https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/chinese-values-kultur-ohne-schablone/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/chinese-values-kultur-ohne-schablone/ Sun, 30 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1987 the Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology carried a paper with no individual author: 40 Chinese value terms, put to respondents in 22 countries. The project decentred Western psychology — and produced new templates of its own. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/dunedin-studie-ein-leben-in-daten/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/dunedin-studie-ein-leben-in-daten/ Sun, 30 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Every child born in one New Zealand hospital between 1 April 1972 and 30 March 1973 has been examined again and again ever since. Their data speak of self-control, crime, mental health and ageing — and of the limits of every prediction. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/enrique-pichon-riviere-operative-gruppen/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/enrique-pichon-riviere-operative-gruppen/ Sun, 30 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In June 1958 around a thousand people spent three days working on a shared task in some thirty groups. Out of those three days in Rosario came a method that no longer charged symptoms to one person alone — with every risk that carries. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/frantz-fanon-koloniale-psychiatrie/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/frantz-fanon-koloniale-psychiatrie/ Sun, 30 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1953 Frantz Fanon took charge of a ward of two hundred and twenty patients in a colonial asylum near Algiers. Three years later he resigned — with a letter that asked psychiatry whether it can heal at all inside such an order. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/ignacio-martin-baro-befreiungspsychologie/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/ignacio-martin-baro-befreiungspsychologie/ Sun, 30 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1986 a Jesuit in San Salvador founded the country's only independent polling institute and published, in the middle of a civil war, what the population actually thought. Three years later an elite battalion shot him, five of his brethren and two women. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/anna-o-bertha-pappenheim/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/anna-o-bertha-pappenheim/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In Studies on Hysteria, “Anna O.” became the patient said to have been made well by talking. The asylum records tell a different story — and Bertha Pappenheim's later life a far larger one. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/augenzeugen-gegenueberstellung/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/augenzeugen-gegenueberstellung/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Anyone facing a lineup compares face with face, not face with memory. What follows: fair fillers, blind administration — and the first, unreinforced statement of confidence, which is worth more than the field long believed. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/betrug-und-vertrauen/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/betrug-und-vertrauen/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT When fraud victims were compared with non-victims, the expected difference failed to appear: no less education, no less prior knowledge. Fraud does not feed on stupidity but on the social rules without which cooperation would be impossible. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/bewusstsein-hartes-problem/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/bewusstsein-hartes-problem/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT We can trace ever more precisely how the brain processes information. Why processing is experienced at all remains open — and whether that question is scientific, philosophical, or both. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/big-five-menschenanalyse/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/big-five-menschenanalyse/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Personality is made of dials rather than types. The Big Five describe regular differences, but predict neither morality nor a person's next act with any certainty — and outside the usual samples they do not always appear at all. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/bindungsstile-erwachsene/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/bindungsstile-erwachsene/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT The categories of adult attachment come from a love quiz in a Denver daily paper. They describe expectations about closeness usefully enough — but the three established measures do not capture the same thing, and they agree only weakly. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/binet-intelligenztest-geschichte/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/binet-intelligenztest-geschichte/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT A French commission set out in 1904 to find a way of assigning support to children with learning difficulties. Two decades later the same instrument helped justify immigration barriers and forced sterilisations in the United States. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/broca-tan-sprache-gehirn/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/broca-tan-sprache-gehirn/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1861 Paul Broca saw the brain of a patient who had barely been able to speak for over twenty years — and made of it the most famous address in brain research. Nothing discovered about it since still fits that single point. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/clark-puppentest-brown/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/clark-puppentest-brown/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In the 1954 ruling the word doll does not occur once; the name Clark occurs exactly once. What Mamie and Kenneth Clark's tests really showed, what they achieved in court — and why the legend of the experiment that toppled a law harms psychology. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/dunkle-triade/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/dunkle-triade/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 2002 Paulhus and Williams put three separate research traditions side by side for the first time. Their verdict: overlapping, but distinct. The argument ever since has been about how much of that distinctness the questionnaires actually deliver. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/erster-eindruck-thin-slices/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/erster-eindruck-thin-slices/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Ten seconds of silent film were enough to predict end-of-term teaching evaluations. One second of a face was enough to predict Senate elections. The difference between those two findings is the whole lesson of the first impression. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/falsche-gestaendnisse/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/falsche-gestaendnisse/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT A confession counts as the queen of evidence. Yet isolation, sleep deprivation, false claims about the evidence and the promise of a way out can bring innocent people to sign as well. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/genie-sprache-ethik/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/genie-sprache-ethik/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT On 4 November 1970 a nearly blind woman in Temple City walked into the wrong office. With her was her thirteen-year-old daughter, who barely spoke. What followed was at once a rescue, a research project, and a lesson in what science owes a person. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/gesichterlesen-physiognomik-ki/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/gesichterlesen-physiognomik-ki/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Faces produce impressions of trust and competence in a flash. The same person looks different from one photograph to the next. AI can scale these prejudices, not turn them into truth. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/girindrasekhar-bose-freuds-indien/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/girindrasekhar-bose-freuds-indien/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Girindrasekhar Bose founded the Indian Psychoanalytical Society in 1922 and sustained a dialogue with Freud for years. He was not a disciple on the margins but a theorist who reread the Oedipus complex from India. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/hm-gedaechtnis-molaison/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/hm-gedaechtnis-molaison/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT An operation in 1953 took from Henry Molaison the ability to form durable new conscious memories. Half a century of research on him showed that memory is not a single system — and it still raises questions about consent and control of the data. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/homosexualitaet-dsm-hooker/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/homosexualitaet-dsm-hooker/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Three experienced judges were asked to pick the homosexual men out of anonymous test protocols. They did no better than chance. Evelyn Hooker had first changed the sample — and with it the burden of proof. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/identitaet-erinnerung-locke/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/identitaet-erinnerung-locke/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1785 Thomas Reid produced an old general who has forgotten the flogging he took at school, and held Locke's theory of the person refuted by it. Whether Locke ever claimed what Reid refuted is disputed to this day. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/libet-freier-wille/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/libet-freier-wille/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT A brain signal began before the reported decision — and out of that came the headline about the powerless self. When the same measurement was repeated in 2019 on a decision with real consequences, the signal was strikingly absent. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/lobotomie-moniz-freeman/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/lobotomie-moniz-freeman/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Twenty patients, no control group, less than five months to the announcement of success — and fourteen years later the Nobel Prize. Lobotomy was not a medieval error but modern medicine, with conferences, statistics and press coverage. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/luegenerkennung/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/luegenerkennung/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Nervousness is not a lie detector. Truth and deception produce no unambiguous faces; good inquiry looks for verifiable details, not a betraying muscle. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/marshmallow-test/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/marshmallow-test/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT One child, one treat, and the promise of a second: Walter Mischel studied how attention makes waiting easier. It became a forecast for an entire life — until larger samples showed how much of it was family background. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/moralische-entkopplung/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/moralische-entkopplung/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Albert Bandura described eight routes by which people keep their moral standards and get around them all the same. The standard is not given up — only its link to the particular act is cut, often by nothing but language. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/narzissmus-ohne-ferndiagnose/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/narzissmus-ohne-ferndiagnose/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1964 a magazine polled psychiatrists about a presidential candidate none of them had examined. Out of the lawsuit came a professional rule — and out of a research term the most popular label for bad behaviour. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/nise-da-silveira-bilder-des-unbewussten/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/nise-da-silveira-bilder-des-unbewussten/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1946 Nise da Silveira took charge of a neglected occupational-therapy unit in Rio de Janeiro. Instead of breaking people she gave them paint, clay, animals and relationships — with great effect, and with open scientific questions. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/phineas-gage-persoenlichkeit/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/phineas-gage-persoenlichkeit/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1848 an iron bar shot through Phineas Gage's skull. He became the textbook proof of the disinhibited frontal-lobe patient — while the record reports a man who years later was driving mail coaches in Chile. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/psychopathie-ohne-hollywood/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/psychopathie-ohne-hollywood/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT A single figure assembled from twenty items helps decide detention, treatment and release. In an experiment with 108 paid expert witnesses it shifted systematically toward whichever side appeared to have retained them. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/rosenhan-diagnose-unter-verdacht/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/rosenhan-diagnose-unter-verdacht/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1973 David Rosenhan reported that healthy people had been admitted to psychiatric hospitals and were not recognised there as sane. Half a century later his own admission record surfaced — and it said something else. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/schuldfaehigkeit-gehirn/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/schuldfaehigkeit-gehirn/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Every act has a neural correlate. Neither guilt nor innocence follows from it. Law asks about capacities and actions; a scan can contribute, but it cannot take over the normative judgment. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/serienmoerder-mythos/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/serienmoerder-mythos/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 2008 the FBI wrote down what is wrong with the popular figure of the serial killer — beginning with its share of lethal violence. The cases in the files look nothing like the cases in the screenplay. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/shell-shock-ptbs/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/shell-shock-ptbs/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In the First World War soldiers trembled or fell silent without a visible wound. The changing names for their suffering say as much about the military and morality as they do about trauma. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/shoma-morita-arugamama-therapie/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/shoma-morita-arugamama-therapie/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Morita therapy does not promise to remove fear before action. It rearranges attention and activity: feelings may come and go while a person does what needs doing. That sounds modern — and it has a specifically Japanese history. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/stoizismus-kognitive-therapie/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/stoizismus-kognitive-therapie/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1962 Ellis called the Stoics the discoverers of his principle; in 1976 Beck traced cognitive therapy back to them. The ancestry is declared, then — which does not make it an inheritance. What travelled from Epictetus into the consulting room, and what was left behind. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/taeterprofile-zwischen-krimi-und-wissenschaft/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/taeterprofile-zwischen-krimi-und-wissenschaft/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Meta-analyses find a slim advantage when profilers judge the overall picture of an offender — and none for age, appearance or offence behaviours. The assumption that similar offences point to similar offenders failed a test on 100 rapists. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/thomas-lambo-aro-dorfpsychiatrie/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/thomas-lambo-aro-dorfpsychiatrie/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1954 the new hospital at Abeokuta had neither beds nor money. Thomas Lambo turned neighbouring houses into places of treatment — and a makeshift into a famous question: can psychiatry be modern without colonising culture and community? https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/tod-angst-sinn/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/tod-angst-sinn/ Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1989 twenty-two judges set bail more than nine times as high for the same defendant — after being reminded of their own death. Three decades later twenty-one laboratories looked for the same effect and did not find it. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/replikationskrise-fuenf-studien/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/replikationskrise-fuenf-studien/ Mon, 24 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT Since 2015 one number has hung over the field — roughly a third of the tested findings survived repetition. Five famous studies show what that number means and what it does not. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/little-albert-die-suche/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/little-albert-die-suche/ Mon, 10 Aug 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1920 Watson and Rayner conditioned a fear into an infant and lost sight of him. Two research groups have identified him since — as two different children, born on consecutive days. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/stanford-prison-legende/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/stanford-prison-legende/ Sun, 19 Jul 2026 00:00:00 GMT The world's most famous prison study was never an experiment in the strict sense. What lay in the Stanford holdings in 2018 took the legend apart — and left something smaller and harder behind. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/loftus-falsche-erinnerung/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/loftus-falsche-erinnerung/ Sun, 28 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT One word in a question changes the speed a witness remembers; an invented shopping mall becomes a childhood memory. Elizabeth Loftus's research turned memory from an archive into a workshop report. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/barnum-effekt/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/barnum-effekt/ Sun, 07 Jun 2026 00:00:00 GMT In 1948 a lecturer handed every student the same personality analysis — and nearly all of them felt precisely described. The effect still carries horoscopes, type tests and a fair share of consulting conversations. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/bindung-harlow-ainsworth/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/bindung-harlow-ainsworth/ Sun, 17 May 2026 00:00:00 GMT The doctrine said the child loves its mother because she feeds it. A wire frame with terry cloth, a WHO report and twenty minutes of laboratory buried that theory — and put something testable in its place. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/kognitive-verzerrungen-feldfuehrer/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/kognitive-verzerrungen-feldfuehrer/ Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT Availability, anchoring, confirmation, loss aversion — the error theory of judgement is well evidenced and still routinely told wrongly. A field guide with the state of the evidence attached. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/placebo-nocebo/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/placebo-nocebo/ Sun, 05 Apr 2026 00:00:00 GMT Sixty patients, twelve monthly packs, three kinds of contents — and almost the same complaints on the drug as on placebo. What the placebo effect can really do, where it ends, and why its dark sister is the practically more important half. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/konformitaet-asch-genovese/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/konformitaet-asch-genovese/ Sun, 15 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT The line experiments pass for proof of blind conformity, the murder of Kitty Genovese for proof of big-city indifference. Neither story survives the files — and what remains instead is better. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/traeume-freud-hobson-solms/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/traeume-freud-hobson-solms/ Sun, 22 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT Freud read dreams as disguised wishes, Hobson as brainstem noise, Solms found patients who complicated the picture again. The story of an argument in which both sides turned out to be right — just not where they wanted to be. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/lernen-am-modell-bobo/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/lernen-am-modell-bobo/ Sun, 25 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Children struck a doll they had never seen before — with the movements of an adult nobody had rewarded. What the experiment carried, what was loaded onto it, and what is left of both. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/gelernte-hilflosigkeit-revision/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/gelernte-hilflosigkeit-revision/ Sun, 11 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT Dogs that stopped looking for the way out became the laboratory model of depression. In 2016 Maier and Seligman declared their own reading of it the wrong way round — a study in self-correction. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/iq-streit/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/iq-streit/ Sun, 14 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT In 2022 four industrial psychologists recalculated the field's most famous validity figure and found it systematically too high. A history in five stations — from Binet's welfare mandate through the immigration laws to the curves that first rose and then fell. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/emotion-ekman-barrett/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/emotion-ekman-barrett/ Sun, 23 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT Six faces, readable everywhere in the world — so the textbooks said for decades. Then a construction theory took the evidence apart. The emotion quarrel is the field's liveliest foundational conflict. https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/dodo-bird-debatte/ https://anamnese-xi.vercel.app/en/journal/dodo-bird-debatte/ Sun, 02 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT Since 1936 research has kept finding the same annoyance — properly conducted psychotherapies work about equally well, whatever the school. What the dodo finding means, what speaks against it, and why both camps have helped patients.